【英文】能源转型委员会报告：中国2050零碳图景（114页）

Electricity will play the most important role, either  used directly or to produce hydrogen, ammonia, or  other synthetic fuels. In aggregate, achieving a zerocarbon economy will require an increase in electricity  generation from today’s 7,000 TWh to something  around 15,000 TWh in 2050 (see Exhibit C). In addition,  hydrogen use will need to rise from today’s 25 million  tonnes per annum to more than 81 million tonnes. Making this electricity in a zero-carbon fashion could be  achieved with 2,500 GW of solar capacity, 2,400 GW of  wind, 230 GW of nuclear, and 550 GW of hydro power.  

This is technically feasible given China’s wind, solar,  and hydro resources and the number of coastal sites  already identified as suitable for nuclear power plants. While places with rich solar resources cover two-thirds  of its total land area, China would need to devote less  than 1% of its land mass to deliver the 2,500 GW of  solar energy required within the total mix, and China’s  estimated wind capacity resources, at 3,400 GW  onshore plus 500 GW offshore, exceed the required  amount. Building the required capacity will require a dramatic  increase in the annual pace of investment (twice today’s  rate for solar and three to four times for wind) but the  financial cost of this investment would still be less  than 0.4% of China’s GDP. This is clearly economically  feasible in an economy currently investing over 40% of  GDP, some of which is wasted on excessive investments.