【英文】外交关系委员会报告：非洲的主要权力竞争 （46页）

Competition for infuence on the African continent is an undeniable  geopolitical reality. The Donald Trump administration’s emphasis on  countering China and Russia on the continent raised concerns about  unwelcome echoes of the Cold War era, when the United States often  treated African states as pawns or prizes rather than partners. But a  desire to avoid the mistakes of the past does not negate the need to  grapple with the motivations and consequences of other powers’ Africa  agendas. The Joe Biden administration, and all major powers, face the  same facts: by 2050, a quarter of the world’s population will be African  and the continent’s youthful and growing labor force—the largest in  the world by that point—will stand in stark contrast to the aging populations of other regions. 

That human capital will increasingly become  the most important feature of Africa’s global profle, although Africa’s  natural resources, including cobalt and other rare earth metals critical to humanity’s technology-driven future, will also remain relevant.  No entity aiming to infuence global afairs in the decades to come can  aford a passive Africa strategy.  These facts do not have to lead to what the Economist called a “new  scramble for Africa.”1  They speak to the continent’s greater integration  into the global economy, the promise and the peril of Africa’s demographic transformation, and the power of Africa’s voice and vote when  most of the region’s ffty-four countries are united in global forums. At  a moment when the norms and expectations of international relations  are in transition, countries taking stock of the future see the wisdom  in deepening ties with Africa. But the nature of that interaction varies  widely, as do the motivations and ambitions that underlie major powers’  Africa agendas.