【英文】美国制造业经济2024年度报告（69页）

英文研究报告 2024年12月24日 07:42 管理员

There are a number of sources of international estimates of value added for manufacturing. The United Nations Statistics Division National Accounts Main Aggregates Database has a wide-ranging dataset that covers a large number of countries over a significant period of time. In 2022, there was $15.0 trillion of value added (i.e., GDP) in global manufacturing in constant 2015 dollars, which is 17.5 % of the value added by all industries ($86.1 trillion), according to the United Nations Statistics Division. Since 1970, manufacturing ranged between 13.8 % and 17.5 % of global GDP. The top 10 manufacturing countries accounted for $10.7 trillion or 71.0 % of global manufacturing value added: China (31.0 %), United States (15.1 %), Japan (6.6 %), Germany (4.9 %), South Korea (3.1 %), India (3.1 %), United Kingdom (1.9 %), Italy (1.9 %), Mexico (1.8 %), and France (1.7 %) (United Nations Statistics Division 2024). As seen in Figure 2.1, U.S. compound real (i.e., controlling for inflation) annual growth between 1997 and 2022 was 1.7 %, which places the U.S. below the 50th percentile. This growth exceeded that of Germany, France, Canada, Japan, and Australia; however, it is slower than that for the world (3.8 %) and that of many emerging economies. It is important to note that emerging economies can employ idle or underutilized resources and adopt technologies that are already proven in other nations to achieve high growth rates. Developed countries are already utilizing resources and are employing advanced technologies; thus, comparing U.S. growth to the high growth rates in China or India has limited meaning. As seen in Figure 2.2, the compound annual growth for the U.S. between 2017 and 2022 was 1.5 %. This puts the U.S. just below the 50th percentile above Canada and Germany among others but still below the world growth of 2.9 %.