【英文】美国会研究服务部报告：新的大国竞争，对国会国防问题的影响（59页）

We must also contend with the reality that the distribution of power across the world is  changing, creating new threats. China, in particular, has rapidly become more assertive.  It is the only competitor potentially capable of combining its economic, diplomatic,  military, and technological power to mount a sustained challenge to a stable and open  international system. Russia remains determined to enhance its global influence and play a  disruptive role on the world stage. Both Beijing and Moscow have invested heavily in  efforts meant to check U.S. strengths and prevent us from defending our interests and allies  around the world. Regional actors like Iran and North Korea continue to pursue gamechanging capabilities and technologies, while threatening U.S. allies and partners and  challenging regional stability. We also face challenges within countries whose governance  is fragile, and from influential non-state actors that have the ability to disrupt American  interests. Terrorism and violent extremism, both domestic and international, remain  significant threats. But, despite these steep challenges, the United States’ enduring  advantages—across all forms and dimensions of our power—enable us to shape the future  of international politics to advance our interests and values, and create a freer, safer, and  more prosperous world.

Defending America also means setting clear priorities within our defense budget. First and  foremost, we will continue to invest in the people who serve in our all-volunteer force and  their families. We will sustain readiness and ensure that the U.S. Armed Forces remain the  best trained and equipped force in the world. In the face of strategic challenges from an  increasingly assertive China and destabilizing Russia, we will assess the appropriate  structure, capabilities, and sizing of the force, and, working with the Congress, shift our  emphasis from unneeded legacy platforms and weapons systems to free up resources for  investments in the cutting-edge technologies and capabilities that will determine our  military and national security advantage in the future. We will streamline the processes for  developing, testing, acquiring, deploying, and securing these technologies. We will ensure  that we have the skilled workforce to acquire, integrate, and operate them. And we will  shape ethical and normative frameworks to ensure these technologies are used responsibly.  We will maintain the proficiency of special operations forces to focus on crisis response  and priority counterterrorism and unconventional warfare missions. And we will develop  capabilities to better compete and deter gray zone actions. We will prioritize defense  investments in climate resiliency and clean energy. And we will work to ensure that the  Department of Defense is a place of truly equal opportunity where our service members do  not face discrimination or the scourge of sexual harassment and assaul.