【英文】兰德报告：对美国和中国量子技术产业基础的评估（139页）

英文研究报告 2022年02月11日 06:58 管理员

DoD has publicly identified certain areas of potential interest: quantum accelerometers and gyroscopes for improved inertial guidance, gravimeters for gravity-aided navigation and underground tunnel detection, and miniaturized antennas.38 Several organizations have announced that they are developing prototype quantum magnetometers for navigation using Earth’s magnetic field as a supplement to GPS. Quantum inertial, gravitational, and magnetic sensors together offer several potential venues for improving positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) capabilities. Quantum sensors also have applications for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR), such as the use of Rydberg atoms for sensitive antennas.

A less conventional sensing modality that has received recent study is known as quantum illumination, which involves generating a pair of entangled phonons, reflecting one photon off a target, and then recombining it with its partner and jointly measuring them. This technique has only been demonstrated at tabletop scale but has been shown to significantly improve the detector’s signal-tonoise ratio in noisy environments.40 Biomedical imaging has been proposed as a potential application of short-distance quantum illumination. A less mature variation of quantum illumination known as quantum radar proposes to use radio-frequency entangled photons for long-distance ISR.41 However, the Defense Science Board has concluded that “quantum radar will not provide upgraded capability to DoD.