【英文】哈佛大学肯尼迪学院报告：中国与美国大外交竞争报告（41页）

英文研究报告 2022年08月17日 07:42 管理员

In response to Putin’s invasion of Ukraine, the Biden administration has successfully mobilized an international coalition that is imposing unprecedented, comprehensive sanctions on Russia. Tat efort is all the more remarkable when compared to the diplomatic performance of the U.S. in the two decades that preceded it. As this brutal war has ground on, China has stood frmly behind its beleaguered Russian partner. While the U.S. highlights the international condemnation of Russia’s aggression, China notes that this does not include the most populous country in the world, the largest democracy in the world, the leading countries in Africa and South America, and even Israel. Tis report is not about current U.S. and Chinese diplomatic eforts to meet challenges posed by Putin’s invasion of Ukraine and the ongoing war. Instead, it is an assessment of both nations’ statecraf and diplomacy in addressing the challenges posed by the frst 20 years of the 21st century—before Putin invaded Ukraine. As such, it provides an instructive baseline against which to judge what each is now doing.

This report also identifes trendlines that will increasingly shape the road ahead. One of fve chapters of the “Great Rivalry Report” produced by Harvard’s China Working Group as part of the transition memos provided to the new administration last year, it responds to the assignment to “document what has actually happened in the frst two decades of the 21st century.” Using the analogy of the Olympics, each chapter begins with where the two competitors stood in 2000 and traces their paths to where they were in 2020. Comparing their performance in various aspects of diplomacy, this chapter identifes criteria and metrics for assessing various races, assembles the best unclassifed data about what each nation has done, and ofers our best judgment about relative performance. Putin’s war in Ukraine is providing a severe stress test for both China and the U.S. At this point, no one knows where it will end. We can be certain, however, that the outcome will profoundly impact judgments about both nations’ diplomatic capabilities in a rivalry that is destined to defne international relations in the century ahead.