【英文】哈佛报告：加强乌克兰中长期韧性（58页）

英文研究报告 2023年06月20日 11:51 管理员

Agriculture is central to Ukraine; the country is one of the top global leaders of grain exports thanks to its abundance of chornozem (black earth), a highly fertile organic matter. Not only does the country fully feed its population of over 40 million, but it also provides food to more economically vulnerable countries within Africa as well as the Middle East and is an integral part of global food supplies. Before the 2022 invasion, Ukraine’s monthly agricultural commodity exports averaged approximately six million tons.

In the 2020/21 season, Ukraine was responsible for producing more than 11% (or nearly 70 million tons) of cereals consumed across the globe.61 Tese supplies have been signifcantly disrupted since Russia’s February invasion. Direct damage to Ukraine’s agriculture, according to a June 2022 study by the Kyiv School of Economics (KSE), had reached $4.3 billion, or 15% of its capital stock.62 KSE estimates revealed that the indirect losses are almost sixfold, reaching $23.3 billion due to decrease in production, logistics damage, and decreased prices of export commodities.