【英文】2023年APEC经济政策报告（192页）

The role of the firm is not what it used to be. In addition to turning a profit for its owners,  making payroll for its workers, and producing goods and services, firms are also increasingly  called to contribute toward society’s well-being. From circular economy initiatives to  philanthropic activities, firms are being accountable not only to shareholders but to society at  large.  This year’s APEC Economic Policy Report (AEPR) discusses the complex topic of Structural  Reform and an Enabling Environment for Inclusive, Resilient and Sustainable Businesses. In  particular, it sheds light on the important intersection between private activity and the public  interest.  The AEPR highlights the importance of ensuring a conducive business environment, one that  reduces transaction costs and facilitates firm entry, operation and closure. Not only is this good  for business and competitiveness, but it also gives firms the space to contribute toward  inclusion, resilience and sustainability goals. It further highlights the importance of measuring  and recognising firms’ contributions toward the public interest, be it in eliminating greenhouse  gas emissions or serving underserved communities. In the same vein, it points out that  policymakers can, through structural reform policies, do more to enable businesses, especially  small and medium enterprises (SMEs), to contribute toward social goals; measure progress  regularly and comprehensively; and incentivise private sector investment toward inclusion,  resilience and sustainability.