【英文】牛津经济研究院报告：中国取消和提高关税对美国经济和就业的影响（39页）

Skepticism toward China has increased among Americans over the two years since  we issued our first report commissioned by USCBC. Surveys from the Pew Research  Center indicate 83% of Americans now have an unfavorable opinion of China (up  from 73% in 2020), mostly driven by geopolitical concerns and lack of reciprocity in  business partnerships. 4 The continued negative views of China are also reflected in  American politics: despite President Biden’s occasional criticism of the tariffs  increased by his predecessor, they have mostly stayed in place. Moreover, the  Biden administration has gone further, imposing significant export controls that  restrict the export of high-end “dual use” technologies. As the tariff measures  imposed by the Trump administration in 2018 are under a mandatory four-year  statutory review by the Biden administration, US policymakers are debating the  future of the US-China trade relationship, weighing the economic benefits of the  relationship against arguments for a tougher approach to China. The impacts of past US-China trade integration have been extensively studied in  business and academia and summarized in detail in previous reports by Oxford  Economics in collaboration with USCBC. 5 These and other studies mostly agree that  that the sourcing of manufacturing inputs and consumer goods from China has  lowered US consumer prices, 6 increased the competitiveness of American  multinationals, and created jobs in the US, generating a net economic benefit to  the US economy.