【英文】美国国会研究服务部报告：以色列和美国关系-简要介绍背景（25页）

Violence and unrest over Gaza and Jerusalem. Violence and unrest has flared in May 2021  around Gaza and Jerusalem, and has sparked Arab-Jewish rioting in some Israeli cities—partly in  connection with a controversial case about the possible eviction of several Palestiniansfrom their  East Jerusalem homes. 

Israel-Gaza violence has escalated to a level not seen since 2014 as the  Sunni Islamist group Hamas (a U.S.-designated terrorist organization) and other militants fire  rockets into Israel, and Israel retaliates inside Gaza. Depending on how the tensions escalate or  de-escalate,they could have implications for a number of U.S. policy considerations, including aid for Israel and the  Palestinians, whether opponents of Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu can form a government to replace him, and  how the Biden Administration and Members of Congress might focus on Israeli-Palestinian and related regional issues. 

Domestic issues: An end to or continuation of Netanyahu’s rule? After the collapse of its power-sharing government in  December 2020, Israel held another round of elections—an unprecedented fourth in two years—for its Knesset (parliament)  in March 2021. Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu of the Likud party—the largest in the Knesset—has been unable to form  a new government in the face of significant opposition to his continued rule,while he faces an ongoing criminal corruption  trial. Yair Lapid of the Yesh Atid party has until early June to forge a coalition supported by disparate parties from across the  political spectrum.