【英文】ITIF报告：台湾与美国和全球经济贸易联系的演变（45页）

英文研究报告 2021年11月01日 07:20 管理员

Taiwan has become an increasingly important global player in a number of advanced technology industries, and exhibits particular strengths in hardware-oriented ICT industries—especially semiconductors, personal computers, desktops, tablets, and other electronic equipment—as well as in emerging advanced transportation systems such as EVs. The following sections provide an overview of U.S.-Taiwan and global economic, trade, and supply chain linkages in these sectors. Semiconductors Over the past two decades especially, Taiwan has become one of the world’s most important players in the global semiconductor industry—and, equally, the sector has become one of the most critically important for Taiwan’s economy. The McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) found that the “high-tech” sector contributes 18 percent of Taiwan’s GDP, with electronic manufacturing companies making up the bulk of the sector.Indeed, from 2005 to 2019, Taiwan’s exports of semiconductors increased from $35.9 billion to $111 billion, making it the world’s second-leading semiconductor exporter, up from fourth in 2005. (See figure 10.)

In terms of percentage change, Taiwan’s semiconductor exports grew 209 percent from 2005 to 2019, second only to China, which saw its semiconductor exports grow nearly fourfold over that period. (See figure 11.)And just as Taiwan’s share of global semiconductor exports has significantly increased over the past two decades, so has its share of global value added in the sector. Indeed, Taiwan’s value added in the semiconductor industry increased fourfold between 2001 and 2016, from $13.96 billion to $55.64 billion. (See figure 12.) In terms of global total value added in the semiconductor industry, Taiwan’s share nearly doubled from 8 to 15 percent over that period. (See figure 13.) Likewise, Taiwan’s share of global manufacturing capacity in the semiconductor industry has grown from a miniscule amount in 1990 to 22 percent today. (See figure 14.)