【英文】哈佛大学肯尼迪学院报告：美国如何协助北约及其欧洲联盟成员应对中国的安全挑战（49页）

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and its allies have  a long history with China that has fuctuated between competitor,  adversary, and ally. However, in response to US urging and US  national security strategy, NATO and its allies have now recognized  China’s economic growth, global infuence, and rejection of  international norms as a concern that needs to be addressed both  as a competitor and potential adversary. In an enormous shif in its  position, NATO leadership began to make serious statements about  China in 2020. As such, NATO issued a communique in June 2021  expressing concern that China’s ambitions and assertiveness present a  systemic challenge to the rules-based international order.

Moreover,  according to the NATO 2030 Refection Group2, China is expected  to challenge NATO’s collective resilience within a decade and its  extensive military modernization eforts across all domains that will  present major risks and potential threats to NATO and its members.3 In particular, China leverages all of its instruments of power— economic, military, informational, technological, and diplomatic—to  advance its strategic objectives and specifcally to be the world’s leader  in artifcial intelligence (AI) and the global technological superpower.  Most concerning is China’s current alliance with Russia that threatens  to disrupt the rules-based international order and to subvert NATO’s  fundamental values of individual liberty, democracy, human rights  and the rule of law. NATO and its European allies are beginning to  recognize that US defense of Europe will change due to China, and  Europe must adjust accordingly.