【英文】兰德报告：更新美国的中东安全政策（115页）

英文研究报告 2022年10月14日 08:46 管理员

This report offers a new framing of U.S. national security interests in the Middle East in light of the changed political, security, and economic contexts in the region; the new U.S. administration and mounting global challenges; a greater U.S. security focus on China and Russia; and the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It lays out the range of U.S. security interests there, some of which are traditional and some of which are not typically considered, and provides recommendations on how to achieve the goals these interests reflect. If not managed proactively, these issues will continue to draw the United States into reactive military engagements, as has happened repeatedly in recent decades. Therefore, new approaches from the United States are called for.

Although there have been loud calls for the United States to deprioritize the Middle East and retrench from it militarily, the region sits at the crossroads of multiple vital U.S. interests. Problems that start in the Middle East spread worldwide. This report makes the case that the United States should not deprioritize or disengage from the Middle East. Instead, even as it reduces military presence in the region to free resources for competition with Russia and China, it should recognize the full range of its interests and manage these in a proactive, consistent, and integrated way that relies less on military operations as primary tools; increases use of the United States’ other considerable sources of power, including diplomatic, economic, and technical assistance tools; and safeguards U.S. interests over the long term. This report drew on an extensive literature review, consultation with RAND experts about various topics, and author expertise.