【英文】振兴美国半导体生态系统报告（33页）

Recommendation 1: The Secretary of Commerce should establish NSTC as an independent  legal entity in public-private partnership by the end of 2023. The Secretary of Commerce  should select a Board of Directors, and that Board should oversee both the NSTC and the  NAPMP to ensure synergy and alignment in the investments. The Board members should  include broad representation from government, industry, and academia. The NSTC is the largest undertaking of its kind in U.S. semiconductor history. The only similar  venture, SEMATECH, a public-private partnership formed in 1987 between U.S. semiconductor firms  and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), began on a much smaller scale with a  $500 million initial investment.27 Successful execution of the NSTC will require the right structure, governance, and guiding principles.  PCAST recommends that the NSTC should be established as a public-private partnership to foster  participation, collaboration, and innovation across the entire U.S. semiconductor ecosystem. The  Department of Commerce should encourage broad academic, industry, and government participation  in the NSTC. Industry participation should span all aspects of the semiconductor ecosystem including  materials and equipment suppliers, electronic design automation companies, fabless design  companies, integrated device manufacturers, foundries, and system companies. 

Federal government  participation should include agencies with deep domain expertise in semiconductors, for example  the National Science Foundation (NSF) and DARPA, among others. The Secretary of Commerce should merge the governance of the NSTC and the NAPMP to increase  the synergy of investment and reduce the potential for duplication of infrastructure. The Board of  Directors overseeing both initiatives should be comprised of members from the U.S. semiconductor  industry along with representation from academia and the U.S. government. The Board should select  an independent NSTC chief executive officer (CEO) and create a Technology Advisory Council to guide  the research agenda. The NAPMP can be managed as a distinct entity within the NSTC with its own  budget while contributing to and participating in the larger NSTC research agenda. Figure 1  illustrates a proposed NSTC governance and operating model. The NSTC should collaborate, where possible, with similar organizations outside the United States  (e.g., Europe’s Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre and semiconductor companies from allied  countries) to leverage resources, existing infrastructure, and capabilities. Such engagements should  reflect principles of reciprocity, research security, and alignment to shared values. However, due to  the strategic nature of this effort from a global competition and national security standpoint, no  foreign entities should be members of the Board of Directors or the Technology Advisory Council.