【英文】欧盟达成重大历史性协议《人工智能法案》（218页）

英文研究报告 2023年12月20日 07:49 管理员

In order to ensure that the definition of an AI system provides sufficiently clear criteria for distinguishing AI from more classical software systems, the compromise text narrows down the definition in Article 3(1) to systems developed through machine learning approaches and logic- and knowledge-based approaches. 1.2 As regards the delegation of powers to the Commission in relation to the updates of the definition of an AI system, Annex I and the corresponding empowerment for the Commission to update it by means of delegated acts has been deleted. Instead, new Recitals 6a and 6b have been added to clarify what should be understood by machine learning approaches and logic- and knowledge-based approaches. To ensure that the AI Act remains flexible and future proof, a possibility to adopt implementing acts to further specify and update techniques under machine learning approaches and logic- and knowledge-based approaches has been added in Article 4. 1.3 Concerning prohibited AI practices, in Article 5 the compromise text contains the extension of the prohibition of using AI for social scoring also to private actors. Furthermore, the provision prohibiting the use of AI systems that exploit the vulnerabilities of a specific group of persons now also covers persons who are vulnerable due to their social or economic situation. As regards the prohibition of the use of ‘real-time’ remote biometric identification systems in publicly accessible spaces by law enforcement authorities, the compromise text clarifies the objectives where such use is considered to be strictly necessary for law enforcement purposes and for which law enforcement authorities should therefore be exceptionally allowed to use such systems.