【英文】世界就业和社会展望2024年趋势报告（121页）

英文研究报告 2024年01月26日 08:53 管理员

On account of stronger than anticipated economic growth in 2023, total labour force participation rates moved above their longterm linear trend.1 Possibly buoyed by a stronger than anticipated job market, participation rates increased in several regions in 2023, notably in high-income countries (by 0.3 percentage points) and lower-middle-income countries (by 1.5 percentage points) (table 1.2). In low-income and upper-middle-income countries labour force participation rates fell (by 0.1 and 0.3 percentage points, respectively). When 2023 participation rates are compared with the 1991–2019 linear trend, a number of observations can be made (figure 1.4). First, except in low-income countries, 2023 participation rates were higher than the 1991–2019 linear trend, signalling that participation rates have largely recovered from their pandemic lows. Second, however, participation rates were lower in 2023 than their linear trends in North Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean and to a lesser extent in South-East Asia and the Pacific. Indeed, there are notable differences across ILO subregions (see Chapter 2). More fundamentally, although labour market participation is above trend, a number of important deviations have occurred that are masked when aggregate figures are examined. For instance, women, youth and migrants – particularly hard hit by the pandemic – continue to have comparably low participation rates (see Chapter 3).