【英文】2019自动驾驶行业研究报告SAFETY FIRST FOR AUTOMATED DRIVING（156P）

英文研究报告 2019年07月12日 09:37 管理员

The role of body control for automated driving is mainly to communicate planned driving maneuvers and to enable safe and lawful driving conditions (e.g. ensuring a clear view through the windshield or adequate control of the headlights). Therefore, components such as indicator lights, headlights and the windscreen wiper motor are often referred to as secondary actuators, as they do not directly influence the ego motion of the vehicle. The following describes examples of potential impacts that should controlled by the automated driving system:

External lights should illuminate with the correct intensity to ensure adequate visibility to surrounding (vulnerable) road users and to provide a bright illumination for optical sensors (e.g. a camera sensor). The automated driving system has to ensure this operation when in automated driving mode, as the driver may be performing other tasks. ○ Warning or indicator lights should work correctly, as they may confuse (vulnerable) road users (e.g. by unintended activation or indication of wrong direction). Additional communication systems may be needed depending on the item definition. ○ Windshields (and rear mirrors) should be kept clean during automated driving mode, as a safe takeover by the vehicle operator needs to be ensured by providing a clear view to the front and the rear. Thus, cleaning, air conditioning and heating systems should provide adequate operation during the automated driving mode. Passive safety components (e.g. seat adjustment, seat belt pre-tensioners, airbags) are not considered in this publication. Nonetheless, the impact automated driving has on these components should be considered.

Human-machine interaction (HMI) is considered a crucial element for the safe operation of SAE L3, L4 or L5 vehicles. HMI provides the means of interaction between human and machine to exchange information and operations and is designed in a way that makes using the automated driving system clear and intuitive for users. Therefore, HMI can use visual cues, tactile feedback and acoustic cues to support the user with relevant information, and it can offer different types of interfaces to receive input from the user. HMI should be carefully designed to consider the psychological and cognitive traits and states of human beings with the goal of optimizing the human’s understanding of the task and situation and of reducing accidental misuse or incorrect operations.