【英文】布鲁金斯学会报告：评估全球化的中国在世界上的作用（261页）

英文研究报告 2022年02月09日 12:15 管理员

Comparing the muscle behind each country’s economic statecraft is an inexact exercise at best given the paucity of Chinese data. A useful source of information is the AidData project, which uses public information sources on specific projects to track China’s economic footprint. It estimates that between 2000 and 2014, China’s official finance commitments (ODA and other official flows [OOF], such as export and investment credits) amounted to $354 billion.1 During the same period, Japan’s official finance (ODA plus OOF gross disbursements) amounted to $305 billion, with an additional $83 billion disbursed between 2015 and 2017, according to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) data.

The bulk of China’s development finance centers on infrastructure with close to 60 percent of funds concentrated in energy, transport, and communications projects. The same is true for Japan. Figure 11-1 shows that Japan alone has provided 43 percent of all ODA committed to economic infrastructure projects by industrialized nations for the past four decades. And Japan’s lead among Development Assistance Committee nations intensified in the twenty-first century, a time when the country suffered deflation and domestic contraction and was buffeted by the global financial crisis and the March 2011 triple disaster (earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear accident). When it comes to the mobilization of state resources to finance economic infrastructure abroad, only Japan is in serious competition with China.