【英文】IEP报告：2022年全球恐怖主义指数报告（100页）

英文研究报告 2022年04月06日 06:05 管理员

The total number of deaths from terrorism declined in 2021, falling by 1.2 per cent to 7,142 (Figure 1.1). This is the fourth consecutive year where deaths from terrorism remained fairly constant. However, there has been a 33 per cent reduction since the peak in 2015 when 10,699 people were killed in terrorist attacks. The primary driver of this reduction in 2021 has been a fall in the intensity of conflict in the Middle East, and the subsequent decline of the Islamic State (IS) in Iraq and Syria. However, increases in the number of deaths were recorded in three of the nine regions - Asia-Pacific, North America and South Asian regions, which increased by 303, 66 and eight per cent respectively. North America was off a very low base, recording three deaths from terrorism in 2020 and five in 2021.

Despite the year-on-year fall in deaths, the number of attacks rose from 4,458 in 2020 to 5,226 in 2021, a 17 per cent increase and the highest number of attacks recorded since 2007, largely due to violence in the Sahel region and instability in countries such as Afghanistan and Myanmar. Although there was a substantial improvement in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa, overall the Sahel recorded a noticeable deterioration, with Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger all recording substantial increases in terrorism deaths in 2021. Six of the eight countries in the Sahel are amongst the ten most impacted countries for terrorism in sub-Saharan Africa. Since COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020, a rise in terrorism was anticipated.