【英文】欧盟委员会报告：世界各国的二氧化碳排放量（260页）

英文研究报告 2022年11月09日 08:41 管理员

Global: The LULUCF sector was estimated to remove about 3.9 Gt CO2 in 2020, approximately the same level of the previous decade and 12% less than in 2010. This net removal is equivalent to approximately 10% of global anthropogenic fossil CO2 emissions. Based on our estimates, managed forests (living biomass, excluding deforestation) are by far the largest CO2 removal category, with an estimated 8.4 Gt in 2020, equivalent to about 22% of global anthropogenic CO2 (excluding LULUCF) emitted in the same period. This independently estimated net removal is larger than what countries include in their GHG reports (about 6.3 Gt CO2, Grassi et al. 2022a); the difference may be partly explained by incomplete country reports and by different methodologies and assumptions between country reports and our approach. In particular, we estimate a larger C gain in the boreal area (e.g., in Russian Federation and Canada), mostly due to the IPCC default factors suggesting a greater tree growth than the country GHG reports, and larger C losses in some tropical areas, mostly due to the high values of harvest reported by some countries to FAOSTAT (e.g., India, Ethiopia).

In most cases, it can be assumed that the local data and approaches used in country GHG reports are better suited for GHG reporting than the global-scale implementation of a default IPCC Tier 1 approach, as done in our study. In 2020 based on GWIS data, global wildfires contributed to LULUCF emissions for 0.66 Gt CO2. For the same year, based on country GHG reports, global deforestation was responsible for net CO2 emissions of 4.0 Gt CO2, equivalent to 10.6% of the total anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Among the other components, in 2020 organic soils are a rather stable emission of about 0.9 Gt CO2. In 2021, global wildfires contribute to LULUCF emissions for 0.7 Gt CO2.The large difference between the net LULUCF estimates in this booklet and those from the IPCC reports (which report net anthropogenic land-use emissions of about 5 to 6 Gt CO2/yr, IPCC 2022) can be to a large extent explained by different approaches in assessing the “anthropogenic” CO2 removals, i.e. this booklet (consistently with most country GHG reports) consider anthropogenic part of the CO2 removals that global models (as reflected in the IPCC reports) consider natural.