【英文】哈佛大学肯尼迪学院报告：中国北斗：大国竞争的新维度（32页）

英文研究报告 2023年03月17日 07:33 管理员

BeiDou1 is China’s Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which reached full global coverage for the frst time in 2020. Like the pioneering U.S. Global Positioning System (GPS), BeiDou provides Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) data worldwide. BeiDou illustrates Beijing’s strategic deployment of dual-use technology to enhance China’s geopolitical power—a dynamic that increasingly shapes U.S.-China competition below the threshold of war. Although Beijing developed BeiDou primarily for military purposes, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) takes a broader view of GNSS capabilities and is encouraging foreign nations to rely on BeiDou for civilian uses.

In several regions of the world, BeiDou and its supporting ground infrastructure provide the most accessible and accurate PNT data of any operating GNSS constellation. BeiDou thereby provides a foundation for Chinese infrastructure exports via the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and related Digital Silk Road (DSR) as well as consumer oferings. Te integration of BeiDou’s PNT data with ground station enhancements, 5G telecommunications, and critical infrastructure enhances China’s sof power through political and economic relationships and the sale of Chinese technology. Beijing’s export of this technology ecosystem may also pose specifc security risks via technical manipulation or surveillance—including through BeiDou’s noteworthy two-way messaging capability.